Pilot area for O&M, Telang I, South Sumatra

Tidal Lowlands, Evaluation of Guidelines for Development

Kimpraswil

In cooperation with

Rijkswaterstaat

Start
General
Potentials
Environment
Operation
Agriculture
TAM
Pilot area
Team Services
Pilot Views
Rice Estate
Visit president
Sept2003
Tidal Lowlands
October 2004
Investigations
Tert.structures
Second crop
Post Harvest

 


The O&M of the canals will be essential to obtain required water levels. You see two photo's of the same canal, before and after a Canal Maintenance operation, but before the repair of the Secondary Structure has been completed. This Secondary canal and its operation is part of the Pilot Monitoring Project.
 

Pilot Monitoring project for O&M

Purpose

Operation, maintenance and management of a pilot project on 2nd stage operation, maintenance and management of the water management systems;

Objectives

  1. Assessment of Operation & Maintenance Program for the area and compared with the existing Guidelines on Operation & Maintenance.
  2. Implementation and Monitoring of a suitable water management plan for the pilot area
  3. To develop a reliable set of data for the development of a hydrodynamic model;
  4. Testing of land qualities in relation to lay-out (macro & micro, water management of On-farm water management and Canal water management . Recommendations for land use.

 

Activities

  1. Investigations for Soil, Topography and Hydrology. Monitoring system of Land Qualities. Testing of Duflow Model
  2. Assessment of Agricultural management in area with inputs. Introduction of On-Farm Water Management system. Effect of use of tractor. Recommendations for tractor and pump use. Cropping pattern.
  3. Assessment of Water Management Plan for pilot area. Introduction of Plan to Water Users Associations in the area. Planning of operation, planning of maintenance.
  4. Assessment of O&M in the area including Organization, Planning procedures and Budget procedures.
  5. Monitoring of effects of O&M in the field at two tertiary blocks (each 8 Ha in size) located along Tertiary canals TC4 and TC12.
  6. Collection of daily data of key indicators for the hydrodynamic model and the operation of the On-Farm Water management system and the Canal water management.

The pilot area will be situated in secondary unit P6-3N Telang I. This area covers 17 tertiary units of which 11 tertiary units are covered by the TAM project of Pertanian. There will be in two tertiary blocks carried out a detailed monitoring, including the testing of a Duflow Model. One blocks is covered by  earlier detailed monitoring data from IISP project (Telang-Saleh) and one block is in a new area. Both areas are part of the  present TAM project of Pertanian. The selection of the area has been influenced by the state of functionality of the tertiary structures. 

Results field visit

On 23 and 24 October 2002 a field visit to the pilot area was carried out by a team of Kimpraswil, Directorate Bintek including Kusumo Respatyo ME and Ir. Hartoyo S.Meng., A. v.d Eelaart (ARCADIS-Euroconsult and P. Hollanders (UNESCO-IHE). The team has been joined by provincial staff of P2DR (Proyek Irigasi dan Rawa, Bp. Suardiyono) and staff of the Min. of Agriculture (Dinas Pertanian, Bp.Apandi). The team of UNSRI  included Bp. M.Yazid and Bp.Syahrial. During the week visits were made to the Bupati of the new regency Banyuasin, the Camat and Village Head of Desa Sumber Mulyo Delta Telang I. Further visits were made to the heads of P2DR and Dinas Pertanian of the province. In the field a discussion was held with the members of the WUA.  Extensive discussions with different actors involved and visits in the field, resulted in the following: 

Dr.Robiyanto H. Susanto of Sriwijaya University in Palembang proposed that the Faculty of Agriculture  will support the Pilot project from their own budget (Community Services in the villages). He will try to find additional budget from the University Research Center or from the University Community Services Center.

His team will be included in the present proposal for the Pilot Monitoring project for O&M. Dr. Robiyanto feels that the Pilot Monitoring project is important not only for O&M , but data should be collected to have a complete picture about the farmers, crops, soil, water management, Water Users Associations, socio-economic issues, income, institutions etc.

Direktorat Pemanfaatan Air Irigasi of the Min. of Agriculture  will next year (2003) do the monitoring of the effect of the On-Farm Water Management (TAM) in the Pilot area O&M in cooperation with Dinas Pertanian in South Sumatra province and with the Team of Dr.Robiyanto. Direktorat Pemanfaatan Air Irigasi is a participitant of the Working Group (Ir. Hilman) and the Task Force (Ir.Amier Hartono) of the Tidal Lowlands Project, Evaluation Guidelines for Development.

Structures and Operation

At secondary level there are no structures in the SDU, but there are two main structures in the SPD. Each of these structures exists out of two flap gates in combination with two sliding gates and trash racks at both sides of the structure. These latter ones are nearly all not properly installed or even absent. In the southern structure one of the sliding gates cannot be operated at this moment, keeping an open position (flapgate works properly). At this very moment the farmers operate these structures by only using half of the structure in which the flap- and sliding gate remain both open. This means that high tide is entering the area at half of its maximum capacity in the SPD, resulting still in a high canal water level at high tide (about 0.3 m-surface). The canal is drained to the low tide level as well, in which the discharge in the southern structure (P6) is twice as high because of the broken sliding gate, which can not be closed at the moment. 

In all tertiary units that have been visited it could be observed that all tertiary structures did not function, as stop logs were absent. In some cases the structure was severely undermined resulting in deterioration and leakage at the sides. From farmers information it is known that all the tertiary structures in the 17 tertiary units do not function. 

Therefore at this moment the area is under influence of the daily tidal ranges, even in the dry period, resulting in too high canal water levels, which are hampering the drainage of the fields. These daily high water levels in canals, having an influence on the groundwater levels in the field also during the dry season, will prevent the improvement of the soil structure through ripening and insufficient pyrite in the subsoil can be removed by oxidation followed by leaching. This will prolong the period the soils are considered not mature, influencing their yield potential and their capacity to maintain water layers on the surface. 

It is now proposed to operate the secondary structures as such that a surface water level in the SPD reaches the maximum level of approximately 0.6 m-surface. Hereto one of the sliding gates in both structures is preliminary set at 0.6 m above crest level, while the flap gate remains open. In the other half of the structure the sliding gate remain closed (not possible in the southern structure). This way it will be tried to:

  • create an average surface water level in the SPD that is lower as present to improve the drainage from the tertiaries during dry periods and necessary crop stages, but still gives enough water for domestic use during high tide;
  • reduce the fluctuation in the SPD and therefore reducing the risk of bank sliding as can be seen at the moment.

It is however mentioned to the farmers that whenever they feel that more water is needed in the SPD they can operate the secondary structures accordingly.

As farmers indicated that they also would like to control the water level in the tertiaries, in the two tertiaries being part of the pilot area, stop logs will be installed by the farmers, after repair of the already present structures. At this very moment it is being discussed if the project is may be able to invest in small fiberglass flap gate boards (Tedmond company – Palembang) in stead of the stop logs in the tertiary unit. These flapgate boards could be moved and changed from only drainage to only supply. 

Action points from November 2002:

-          Measuring the width of the tertiary structures in TC4 and TC12 for installation stop logs or fiber glass flap gates;

-          Farmers have to report how the tertiary structures are being operated (level of the stop logs – to be read from the gauges on the structure);

-          Reporting of any change of settings of tertiary and secondary structures for operation in order to make hydrodynamic modeling possible.

 


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